Taste of Honey: From dependence to independence :: English Literature

Taste of H superstary From dependence to emancipationA Taste of Honey was written by Shelagh Delaney when she was 18, andpublished in 1958. Four eld later, in 1962, it was turned into afilm. It shows life as it really was for many a(prenominal) an(prenominal) people in and around theslums of Salford, near Manchester, subsisting with the poor housing andlack of opportunity. The characters are genuine you can reallybelieve in them. Some of the characters were totally different fromthe usual straight-laced characters that were so common in thekitchen-sink dramas that were around at the beat. For instance, ahomosexual, a young pregnant individual girl, a semi-whore mother and ablack sailor all living in the analogous areas, and some even living in thesame houses as each other. This was completely different from thesafe plays of the time. There is hope in the play the characters,especially Jo, are able to overcome their fears and problems and carryon with their lives.The charact ers in a taste of honey speak like regular working classpeople in the north of England. There are not many examples ofregional dialect, but there are a few, such as when Helen says, Eee,theres a terrible draught, showing that Helen is a house physician ofLancashire. The characters drop letters, making them sound morecommon. There are many examples of this, including Jo saying, Youpacked em, and Helen saying, Turn em all. This shows that Helenand Jo are ordinary, common, working class or lower, people.The ancient Greeks believed that a play had to be realistic, and thatto be realistic the action of the play should form one setting. Thetime the play took to act should be equal to the time covered in theplot and that the play should have only one main falsehood. The Greekscalled these ideas the three unties of time, action and place. Thisis different to a taste of honey in that the play, although onlyhaving one main plot, has a sub-plot. The main story is the story ofJo, and the su b-plot being Helens story.There are many objects in the play which could maintain a hiddenmeaning, from something a simple as darkness or a light bulb, todeeper things such as an eye patch or children singing. The list isendless. The very first instance of symbolism is the plays title, ataste of honey. A taste is a very small amount for a in brief period oftime. Honey is sweet, and therefore honey represents good. From Jospoint of view, her life is bad.

Culture and People Essay

Does culture have an impact on who we argon? Have you ever notice that what is the main difference among throng most the world? multitude eat different foods, break off variant clothes, believe in various things, and have different appearances simply the main difference is how masses behave and this difference comes from their culture. Culture is the overlap knowledge and schemes created by a set of lot for interpreting, expressing, and responding to the social realities around them. Culture means the series of norms and values that the public believe in and behave accordingly. These public opinions comes from parents and goes from one generation to another and influence battalions behavior. Culture has an impact on muckles life sentence because it changes peoples life, their society, and the world. Parents are the first give lessonsers that kids learn lot of things from their fathers and mothers. The environment of a family that a child grow up in is the most authori sed thing that influences her/his behavior because children learn how to live like their parents and parents try to t severally their children the culture that their society has. pile are influenced by their culture and sometimes more than one culture can be influencing a psyche, much(prenominal) as Native Tribes living in a modern society. If people from different Countries were raised in the equivalent society then those people would have the same culture and those people would believe in the same things. Traditions help people to show their beliefs, for modelling Halloween is a holiday that is display what American people celebrate, it represents as a symbol for American culture. more or less people would agree that their own has been important to their shaping and development, enriched their lives and often, led to their life decisions but their culture is the products of human action which is inherited independently of the biological genes. The way that one person think n ot only affects people around that person but it also affects that social club. The difference between cultures volition never end because it is hard to change what people believe In.People may learn lot of things from their friends but when a person wants to top a decision he/she will always compare it with her/his culture. For example personal zone is one of the traditions that most of the American people do. In the personal zone, the conversation gets more direct, and this is a good distance for two people who are talking in earnest about something. Society has always been impacted by technology. Each invention has affected how people relate to one another and how cultures have expanded or ended. engine room impacts how cities grow, where people live, and who owns what. Technologies are the reason a few people are very rich, that people are more social, and that teaching and learning is changing.People in the 21st century are at a significant time in history where as educat ors can make a difference in how students interact with one another and make a place in society. People developed a language so they could communicate and invented tools for agriculture, to build homes, and to create weapons for hunting and protection. Over time some people have been influenced by other cultures and that is where different cultures meet each other. So this is the ethnical evolution which people affect other cultures and cultures affect people as well. For example when a person moves to another res publica he/she gets influenced by that countrys culture and also that person can affect her/his society too.Peoples culture influences their belief system which affects the way that people see the world . Although culture is combine with sociology, anthropology, psychology, religions , and other aspects however this paper focuses on peoples behavior, globalism, and the cultural evolution. Culture makes societies unique, making it an essential element in influencing peop les everyday lives. It is also important to be able to recognize and detect other cultures, and not believe ones own culture is more worthful or superior than the rest. Hope that one day there would be peace all around the world and all people would mouth the same language.

Survey for Family Day Motivation

Motivators for bring back Family solar day Attendance The purpose of this caputnaire is to identify the autochthonic student motivators used when deciding to find out or not attend Fall Family Day. This information will be used to make improvements and get on increase interest in the resolution. delight take the fourth dimension to settle the following headers as they best apply to you. Thank you, and we appreciate your fourth dimension and responses. 1. Are you familiar with Family Day? -No ( entertain go to question 13) -Yes (Please continue) 2. How do you match about Family Day? Please delay all that apply. -University webpage -Student brand-newsletter -Campus banners -Event flyers intelligence agency of mouth from other students -Other (please specify) 3. Have you ever accompanied Family Day? -No (Please go to question 8) -Yes, I only attended this year (Please go to question 5) -Yes, I only attended in previous years. (Please go to question 6) -Yes, I attended b oth this year and in previous years.(Please continue) 4. Please indicate your level of satisfaction with the Fall Family Day you attended in previous year -Very satisfied -Moderately satisfied -Neutral -Moderately dissatisfy -Strongly dissatisfied 5. Please indicate your level of satisfaction with the Fall Family Day this year, then go to question 9 -Very satisfied Moderately satisfied -Neutral -Moderately dissatisfied -Strongly dissatisfied 6. Please indicate your level of satisfaction with the Fall Family Day you attended in previous year -Very satisfied -Moderately satisfied -Neutral -Moderately dissatisfied -Strongly dissatisfied 7. Why did you choose not to attend this year? Please check all that apply, then go to question 9. -Not interested -Time conflict -No new events -Cant afford it -Poor reviews from others -No available hotels -Travel distance -Overcrowded -Family not able to attend -Family not interested this year -Other (please specify) 8. Why did you not attend Fall F amily Day?Please check all that apply. -Not interested -Time conflict -Cant afford it -Unaware of event -Poor reviews from others -No available hotels -Travel distance -Overcrowded -Other (please specify) 9. In regards to Fall Family Day, how significant would it be to take in a home Virginia Tech football game that day? -Very important -Important -Neutral -Unimportant -Very unimportant 10. If Virginia Tech is playing in an away game, how important is it to absorb it televised on campus? -Very important -Important -Neutral -Unimportant -Very unimportant 11. How would you want to be informed of Fall Family Day? Please check all that apply. -University webpage Parent newsletter -Student newsletter -Facebook -E-mail -Other (please specify) -Im not interested, so please do not contact me 12. What activities would you like to have at Fall Family Day? Please describe below. 13. What is your donnish classification? -Freshman -Sophomore -Junior -Senior -Graduate Student -Other (please specify) 14. In what college are you enrolled? -Agriculture and Life Sciences -Architecture and Urban Sciences -Pamplin College of care -Engineering -Liberal Arts and Human Sciences -Natural Resources and Environment -Science -Vet Medicine -Undecided 15. Gender -Male -Female Thank you for your time and answers

Kathmandu Enter Into Chinese Market Essay

With the rapid maturement of economy and society, Chinese foodstuff has attracted a great number of attentions from let onside(prenominal) companies. and then, how to enter into Chinese securities industry place and how to be a successful come with in China has become a realistic emersion confront by p atomic number 18ntage managers, entrepreneurs and consultants. This essay go out focus on introducing matchless Australian topical anesthetic brand capital of Nepal which is an outdoor(a)(a)(a) vaunt equipment telephoner into Chinese market. Thus, a detailed analysis of the accredited built in bed of the Chinese market and this unusual companionship is indispensable.Firstly, this paper ordain analyze the current situation of the Chinese outdoor edition market and the Chinese economy, and whence identify the strengths and weakness of the capital of Nepal ships community when entering into Chinese market. Subsequently, survival of the fittest of entry modes a nd furnish and recommendations leave behind be departd to deal with or to lose weight the risks when enter into the Chinese outdoor athletics market. 2. BACKGROUND ABOUT capital of Nepal COMPANY capital of Nepal Holdings Limited was established by John Pawson and Jan Cameron in 1987.The beau monde started off as a small outdoor dress shop in New Zealand and in 25 historic period has pornographic to a multi-national brand primarily producing outdoor skylark clothing and equipment which commix with the advanced technology, spirited flavour and high comfort level. such(prenominal) as, tents and shelters, packs and luggage, quiescence gear, outdoor clothing, footwear and other accessories of outdoor. In 2006, one Australasian tete-a-tete equity partnership fully acquired capital of Nepal for NZ$275 million.Currently Kathmandu does the business in Australia, New Zealand and England. The company slogan aims to capture new and doughty individuals and the marketing strate gy has been built around this notion (Kathmandu, 2012). 3. OPPORTUNITIES OF CHINESE exterior commercialize 3. 1 Outdoor lark about in China on with the phylogenesis of economy and living stander, outdoor sport becomes increasingly popular in China. In China, outdoor sport was started at Beijing, Shenzhen and Shanghai in 1999(Chinese News, 2011).Currently, combing with pressure reducing, such sport increase quite card-playing and become one kind of society fashion. There argon four outdoor sport activities which embroil High Mountain, exploration, rock climbing and pedal in China (Chinese outdoor Sport Association, 2012). The outdoor sport is an headmaster sport activity not only require a cheeseparing physical quality however also good clothing and equipment to take surface the bad environment. Therefore, fast increase of the outdoor sport contributes to sharp attach on hire of outdoor sport clothing and equipment.As describe by China Outdoor Sport Association, the number of annual gross revenue from existing manufactories of outdoor equipment was 800 million RMB in 2010, while the number of that in 2000 was 60 million RMB, and the number of Chinese participation in the outdoor sport has reached one hundred million (China Outdoor Sport Association, 2012). Hence, along with the unbelievable development of the outdoor sport and the higher quest of outdoor products, obviously, the potential of the Chinese outdoor sport market is quite considerable. 3.2 Situation of Chinese outdoor market Basic the market research, currently, at that place are approximately 200 Chinese local outdoor sport brands and around 1100 outdoor clothing and equipment stores. Although the outdoor effort of China is at beginning phases, either year increase 50%. The CEO of the pierce ships company which is one of the beat 100 Ameri place outdoor equipment companies pointed out that such fast increase would chief(prenominal)tain at the least 5 years in China (Simone, 2002). It can be calculated that the Chinese outdoor sport market should be worth around cardinal billion.However, even though the outdoor sport is obtaining swift development, the outdoor market is relatively backward. The local manufactures only experience or provide chief(a) products or services, lack of the leading company and well- cutn brand is a serious issue in the local market. Therefore, it is a favorable luck for Kathmandu to expend to the Chinese outdoor market, because of the sharp escalation of market demand and inadequate supply of the local outdoor market. 3.3 Competitors in Chinese outdoor market China already had around 200 local brands in outdoor sport market. However, in such new industry market foreign companies occupied the main military strength. According to the research, on that point are four main competitors for Kathmandu in the Chinese outdoor market, which include The North Face that is an American company, it has a long history and produce fine wor kmanship products, one company of France named ALGLE which entered into China in 1997, and its products are practical and noble.OZARK which is a Switzerland Company and the design of their products is following the characteristic of the Chinese. The blend one competitor is Salewa from German (Chinese News, 2011). Compare with these foreign companies, the technology and quality of the local brands are at put down level, particularly, at the aspect of technology. Company is difficult to survive without advanced technology supporting, especially, in the outdoor sport market.Therefore, the outdoor market that has a small number of strong competitors will supply an opportunity for Kathmandu to obtain the biggest market share by adopting the advanced technology. 3. 4 Chinese economic situation For the monetary reason, the Chinese market is quite let for the Kathmandu to enter. According to the field of study function of Statistics (NBS) recourses, in 2010 the number of average dispo sable personal income of cities and towns was 21033 RMB, which was higher 11. 3% than that in 2009.Meanwhile, the recourses also mentioned that the number of average disposable personal income in cities and towns was 7414 RMB in the first quarter 2011, which was higher 14. 1% than that in 2010 ( guinea pig agency of Statistics, 2011). The increase of the disposable personal income of the Chinese offered an ideally material take on for consumption of the outdoor sport, which also means that Chinese has obtained higher buy power than before. The Nominal GDP per capita continues experiencing increase since 2001 to 2010 from 8. 3% to 10. 3% (National government agency of Statistics, 2011).Following the acceleration of the urbanization progress, increasingly Chinese has selected outdoor sport, particularly, the young mint. As the China Outdoor Sport Association report 2010, 90% of the participators already have chance oned high education degrees and the wages in the 65% of them ove r 5000RMB per month, 20 to 40 years old people occupied 84. 1% (Chinese News, 2011). China possesses the most enormous consumer groups which attract the ken of the world. such(prenominal) consumer groups will contribute more benefits than England and New Zealand for Kathmandu.According to the National Development and Reform Commission, there is a police of 5 years plant from 2011 to 2015, which will focus on inequality of wealth statistical distribution and shifting emphasis from investment to consumption (National Development and Reform Commission, 2011). Therefore more money will be spent in country and inland development. So that Kathmandu can expect a festering number of potential customers in the coming 5 years. Therefore, the current situation of the Chinese market is ideally for Kathmandu to attract more customers and to sales more outdoor products.4. STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF KATHMANDU IN CHINA Kathmandu has satisfactory experience on oversea expending. According to t he Kathmandu office report, currently, the company of Kathmandu has totally 107 retail stores, 65 located in Australia, 39 in New Zealand and 6 in United Kingdom respectively. In 2003 and 2004, the company entered into the market of United Kingdom, and speedy became one of the top dickens outdoor brands in the UK. The office report also mentioned that the Kathmandu Company made 237 million AU$ sales and obtained 7 million loot in 2011(Kathmandu, 2012).Therefore, the Kathmandu has sufficient expending experience, which enables to reduce risks that are bought by the insufficient of experience when enter into China. Furthermore, owning of advanced technologies is able to guarantees the leading position in Chinese outdoor market. Specifically, the technologies of anti-wind, anti-fire, waterproof and high heat economy are adopted by all of their products with high comfortable level. Such advanced technologies are what the Chinese local outdoor equipment market and customers need. Howe ver, there are around weaknesses of Kathmandu can not be cut in Chinese market.Firstly, lack of Guan XI (special relationship) will be the main issue for the company. In Chinese market, it is difficult to obtain long-term internet that making the business without a favorable Guan Xi, particularly, the closing relationship with the Chinese government. The Kathmandu may face some restriction from the Chinese Government. Such as, polices changing, law modifying and the exacting on some local resources, which will vex a great number of obstacles on operation of the Kathmandu company in China. Secondly, low brand awareness will lead to high live in Chinese market.Obviously, although there is an increase in the demand of western products for the Chinese customers, the products selection of customers is quite cautious, especially on uninformed brands. The Kathmandu may needs more patience to the Chinese clients to know more about the products of the Kathmandu, in other words, more time is necessary by the Chinese market. In addition, in such situation, more capitals will be spent by the company on advertising in order to build the name recognition. Thus, these weaknesses may bring some risks for the Kathmandu company operation in China. 5. HOW TO ENTER INTO CHINESE OUTDOOR MARKET 5.1 Selection of the entry modes The selection of entry modes is crucial for either company when enter into a new market. There are dickens major entry modes, which include non-equity modes and equity modes (Chen Hui, 2002). As a multinational company and has good expending experience in the UK and New Zealand, it is indisputable that equity modes is sequester to the Kathmandu when enter into Chinese market. The entry modes catch joint-venture, acquisitions and green-fields (Peter, 2008). Merger and acquisition can assists the Kathmandu directly entering into Chinese market by purchasing the company that already has established in China.However, a thumping number of capitals are required by the Kathmandu company to merger the Chinese local company, which means more cost will occur when choose this entry method. In addition, social-cultural environment issue should be considered by the western companies, acquisition entry method may be related to a sort of aggression by Chinese duo to the Chinese history, so that some threatens will be face up by the Kathmandu Company, for instant, anti-products and service of the company. The green-fields entry method also requires large number of capitals to support, and this approach is quite complicate to operate.While more license in designing the plant, selecting suppliers, and hiring a work force will be contributed by green-field (Ilkaka, 2007). Compare with acquisition and green-field, joint-venture entry method is more appropriate to the Kathmandu Company to enter into the Chinese outdoor market. The reasons as follow, firstly, cheerful pointed out that joint-venture is cheaper to exit compare with green-fie lds and also has the advantage that benefits the company to directly enter the market of other countries (Beamish, 2001).Secondly, the Kathmandu Company is not acquainted(predicate) with Chinese institutions and regulations, finding a Joint-Venture match can help escort rules of running business, and the Guan Xi of the Chinese partner can be employ by the Kathmandu in China. Moreover, such method will provide strong bargaining power with Joint-Venture partner for the company, as Kathmandu can provide high technical resources and product line which is the crucial issue facing by the Chinese outdoor companies. However, there are some disadvantages that lead to the risks to the Kathmandu Company from the joint-venture entry method.Firstly, the joint-venture may modify the partner to competitor (Swierczak, 1994). Specifically, it is dangerous that giving the advanced technologies to the partner to control. Perhaps the firsthand goal of the local partner is to control the leading te chnologies of the Kathmandu such technologies will be used by other local companies on their products in order to obtain the bigger market share and to compulsionon more expediency, which should be the most primary risk for the Kathmandu Company. Secondly, divided up ownership can lead to conflict over goals and control.The ownership and administrative power will become the main conflict between the partner and the foreign company (Swierczak, 1994). In order to control and make the biggest profit to their own company, both local and foreign company adopts various approaches to attain the beneficial position in the joint-venture company. Such as, increasing the investment and controlling the resources. Balancing the advantages and disadvantages for the Kathmandu Company to select the entry modes in Chinese market, joint-venture is the ideally entry modes for the company.However, which Chinese partner should be selected by the Kathmandu is another issue. 5. 2 Selection of the Chine se partner There are a great number of local outdoor or sport brands in China. However, it is difficult to find a well-known outdoor sport brand because of the new outdoor market. Thus selecting a famous sport equipment company as the joint-venture partner is the best selection for Kathmandu Company. The Chinese sport companies include 361, ERKE, ANTA, PEAK, DOUBLE STAR, Xtep and LI NING (Chinese sport research, 2011).According to LI NING annual report 2010, the capitalization of the company has reached 8. 387 billion and has had 8156 sales shops in 1800 cities in China, and The number of LI NING brand retail stores is 7478 Moreover, LI NING has the highest story as the company is sponsoring several of Chinese sport national teams. The company already cooperated with AIGLE, LOTTO and Kason using joint-venture entry modes, which means that LI NING has had sufficient experience on such entry modes, and the high experience will assists the Kathmandu to reduce the risks on joint-ventur e (LI NING, 2011).Therefore, LI NING should be the most appropriate joint-venture partner for the Kathmandu Company, the large number of LI NING sales engagement and capitalization will contribute the convenience to the Kathmandu to enter into Chinese outdoor market. 6. CONCLUSION China has become the biggest market for the foreign company duo to the rapid development of economy and society. Such development specifically expressed in the GDP and the average disposable personal income continually increase, which also represent high purchasing power in China.In the same period, the fast development of Chinese outdoor sport market contributes to the high demand not only for the outdoor clothing and equipment but also for the advanced technologies of the outdoor equipment in the Chinese outdoor market, and the lower strong competitors also provide a God-given opportunity for the Kathmandu outdoor equipment company to enter such ideally market. Hence, how to enter Chinese market will be the first issue faced by every foreign company manager.The joint-venture entry modes should be the possible modes selected by the foreign company, particularly, the Kathmandu Company duo to the lower cost, easily access the market. The Kathmandu enables to use the local resources and Guan Xi network of the LI NING Company, which are the weaknesses of the Kathmandu, via joint-venture in order to become a successful company operating in China after into the outdoor market. Both companies will obtain the benefits that they want from joint-venture entry modes. 7. REFERENCES Beamish, P.W. ,&Banks, J. C. 2001. Equity joint ventures and the theory of the multinational enterprise. journal of international Business Studies, 18(2)1-16. Chinese Customs, 2011, Export Procedure, viewed 20 may 2012, from http//www. customs. gov. cn/publish/portal0/. Chen, H. 2002, An analysis of determinants of entry mode and its impact on performance, Int. Bus. Rev. , 11 (2002), pp. 193210. Chinese News, 2 011, The demand of copper is recovering to the level before financial crisis, viewed 20 May, 2012, from.http//www.chinanews. com/cj/2011/06-13/3108018. shtml Chinese Outdoor Sport Association 2012, report of Chinese outdoor sport situation, viewed 20 May 2012, from http//www. iouter. com/. Ilkka A. Ronkainen, 2007, International marketing, Cengage Learning, 2007, p417-422. Joseph Simone, vicious Enforcement Against Counterfeiters, China Business Review, 29/6 (2002) 22-23 Timothy Trainer, The Fight Against mark Counterfeiting, China Business Review, 29/6 (2002) 20-24.Kathmandu Annual Report, 2012, foot of Kathmandu, viewed 17 May, 2012, from homepage http//www. kathmandu. com. au/. Kobrin, op. cit. Minor, op. cit. Charles Hill, International Business Competing in the Global Marketplace, fourth Edition (Bostom, MA McGraw-Hill Irwin, 2003), p. 47. Lining Annual Report, 2011, Introduction of Lining, viewed 17 May, 2012, from http//www. lining. com/eng/ spheric/home. php. National Bureau of Statistics, 2011, situation of Chinese economic, viewed 17 May, 2012, from http//www.stats. gov. cn/.National Development &Reform Commission, 2011, situation of Chinese market development, viewed 17 May, 2012, from http//www. sdpc. gov. cn/. Peter Liesch, and Duncan Poulson, 2008, An Unconventional Approach to Intellectual Property The causa of an Australian Firm Transferring Shipbuilding Technologies to China, Journal of World Business, 35/1 (2000) 1-20. Swierczak, F. W. 1994, Culture and conflict in Joint Venture in Asia, International Journal of Project Management, 12 (1) (1994), pp. 3947.

Principles on which vicarious liability is based Essay

The dogma of vicarious liability is based on precepts which mass be summed up in the following two aphorisms (a) Qui facit per alium facit per se - The maxim means, he who personations through an new(prenominal) is deemed in deemed in law as doing it himself. The masters responsibility for the servants act had too its origins in this principle. The reasoning is that a person who puts another in his prescribe to do a class of acts in his absence, necessarily leaves to determine, according to the mass that arise, when an act of that class is to be do and trust him for the manner in which it is d mavin consequently he is answerable for the wrong of the person so entrusted either in the manner of doing such an act, or in doing such an act under circumstances in which it ought not to have been done provided what is done is not done from any caprice of the servant unless in the course of the employment.(b) Respondeat superior - Another maxim usually referred to in this connecti on is respondeat superior, i.e., the superior must be responsible or permit the principal be liable. In such cases not only he who obeys scarcely also he who dominations becomes equally liable. This rule has its origin in the legal presumption that all acts done by the servant in and about his masters business are done by his masters express or implied authority and are, in truth, the act of the master. The master is answerable for every such wrong of the servant as is committed in the course of his service, though no express command or privity is proved. Similarly, a principal and agent are jointly and one after another liable as joint wrong-doers for any tort authorised by the former and committed by the latter.(c) Modern view - In recent times, however, the doctrine of vicarious liability is justified on the principle other than that embodied in the above-mentioned maxims. It is now believed that the underlying idea of this doctrine is that of expediency and worldly concern policy. Salmond has rightly remarked in this connection that there is one idea which is found in the judgements from the time of Sir John Holt to that of Lord Goddard, namely, public policy.The view of Lord Pearce can be quoted here with approval, which he show in Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd v. Shatwell The doctrine of vicarious liability has not grown from any very clear, logical or legal principle but from social convenience and rough justice. The master having (presumably for his own benefit) occupied the servants, and being (presumably) better able to make good any prostitute which may occasionally result from the arrangement, is answerable to the world at bouffant for all torts committed by his servant within the scope of it. In the words of Winfield, this may not satisfy the jurist or the logician, but it probably represents the prevailing stage of legal opinion on the offspring and though the future may bring further extensions of vicarious liability, it is insuf ferable that a serious proposal for its abolition will be make so long as the law of tort as we bash it remains alive.1View as multi-pages

Problems and Questions

Briefly explain the meaning of R-squargond. A time series summary of direct tends to result In a higher R-squared than one development cross-sectional info. Why do you think this Is the case? R-squared measures the goodness of tally of a regression equation. A time series analysis of demand tends to result in a higher Required than one use cross-sectional data because data is being gathered at aggregate periods of time as opposed to one period of time when utilize cross-sectional data. II.What is the identification task? What effect will this problem scram on the regression predicts off demand function? Explain. The identification problem occurs when there Is an Inability In the principle to Identify the best estimate of values of one or more variables In regression. This problem set up regression estimates of a demand function because there is a concurrent shifting of both the supply and demand, which results in biased results. Ill. A. Why are manufacturers new orders, endogens capital goods, an set aside leading index finger?They are an clutch Indicator because they are commitments that show that economic activity will paying back place In the in store(predicate). B. Why Is the Index of Industrial production an appropriate coincident Indicator? The Index of Industrial production Is an appropriate coincident indicator because it provides information about the current state of the economy. C. Why is the middling prime rate charged by banks an appropriate lagging indicator? Its an appropriate lagging indicator because changes in the prime rate broadly trail changes in the rest of the economy.IV. You have been asked to produce a harbinger for your compacts product, bottled water. Discuss the kind of Information you would look for In order to plant this forecast. An effective forecast for bottled water would Include sales revenue, marketing, competition, Seibel issues that may airlift in the future, and information about the target demograp hic. V. One of the most tricky tasks in regression analysis is to obtain the data suitable for valued studies of this kind.Suppose you are trying to estimate the demand for home article of furniture. Suggest kinds of variables that could be used to represent the following factors, which are believed to affect the demand for any(prenominal) product. Do you anticipate any difficulty in securing such data? Explain. Determinants of Demand for Furniture Suggested Variables to use in Regression Analysis outlay Prices set for furniture at competing companies Tastes &038 Preferences % of people who like modern, rustic, traditional, contemporary, res publica, etc. Hypes of furniture Price of related products Price of accent Items (blinds, pillows, rugs) Income Average Income of buyers Cost or availability of credit % of people who purchase furniture with cash or credit Number of buyers of sales per year Future expectations Availability of products, future income of buyers Other possibl e factors Seasonal sales I do non see any problem securing this data. Most of this Information can be maker of a leading brand of low-calorie microwaveable food estimated the following rectify equation for its product using data from 26 supermarkets around the country for the month of April.

Journal Entry 11 and 9 Oncourse

Journal insertion 11 In this activity, you will create a individualised affirmation. If you buy out your affirmation often, it will suspensor you make choices that will strengthen the personal qualities postulate to happen upon your goals and dreams. 1. preserve a integrity- prison term statement of one of your most motivations, goals, or dreams in your reference as a scholar. My biggest goal to arrive at in my career is to know that I made a divergency in someones spiritedness and helped them to feel their best. I would like to work with children at Childrens Hospital. 2. Write a list of personal qualities that would help you master this educational goal or dream.Compassionate, dedicated, good-listener, encouraging, understanding, feel for, easy to talk to and willing to help in any way I stinker. 3. Circle three qualities on your list that seem the most essential for you to achieve your goal or dream as a student from step 1. It is being compassionate, good-listener and feel for. 4. Write three versions of your personal affirmation Format A I am a compassionate, good-listening, affectionateness woman. Format B I am a compassionate, good-listening, sympathize with woman, following my life c entirelying. Format C I am a compassionate, good-listening, pity woman, and I enjoy feeling needed. . Choose the one sentence from Step 4 that you like best and write that sentence five or more times. I am a compassionate, good-listening, caring woman, and I enjoy feeling needed. I am a compassionate, good-listening, caring woman, and I enjoy feeling needed. I am a compassionate, good-listening, caring woman, and I enjoy feeling needed. I am a compassionate, good-listening, caring woman, and I enjoy feeling needed. I am a compassionate, good-listening, caring woman, and I enjoy feeling needed. 6. Write three paragraphs- one for for each one of the three qualities in your affirmation.The first tint from my affirmation is compassion. I present that qual ity was when my friends grandmother passed away. I was there for her at school, nearly any day after school, and as much as I maybe could. I was there to help her get her mind off things, and I was there for her when she was grieving and needed a shoulder to cry on. This is salutary one of the many times that I live with been compassionate. I have a big heart and when others hurt, I hurt and I hope to do anything I can to make them feel better.The second quality from my affirmation is good-listening. A specific experience in my life when I demonstrated this was when my best friend told me her husband cheated on her while she was divergence finished the surgery. It took her quite a while to get over the pain. I didnt mind talking to her about it every day, and Im glad that she felt like she could come to me to let her pain out. I listened and gave her my opinion. Im always there to listen to peoples problems. If they are going through something and I feel like I can help them , then Im all for it. The third quality from my affirmation is caring.A specific experience in my life when I demonstrated this quality was when my friend got really sick and needed surgery. After the surgery she was in pain and needed care. I was dexterous to stay with her and help her to feel better and recover faster. Journal entering 9 1. Below the title, complete the part of your life plan for your role as a student My Dream My dream is to be sure-fire in a career that I love and look off to going to everyday. My Life Role Currently I am a wife, a mother and a college student but in the upcoming I take to be the helper, and the go-to person in my career.And I compulsion people to feel like they can come to me for anything they need. My Long-Term Goals in This Role Help patients or anyone that needs physical therapy help. I want to help them and encourage them to do the best they can in recuperation process. I want to make good money and be sufficient to support my fam ily. I want to know that I made a difference in someones life. My long term goals as a college student are to excel and graduate as in short as affirmable so that I can dive into my career and start circumstances people around 2015.Achieve an Associate Degree by 2015 My Short-Term Goals in This Role To pass all my classes, and ace as many of them as I can by end of May 2014. Finish all the essays, tests and quizzes I have to write as soon as I can by the end of each week. Enjoy this first semester of college out front its over. 2. Write about what you have learned or relearned by designing your life plan. By doing the life plan, I realized that I am going to have to work very hard to achieve my dream, meaning I need to take school very disadvantageously so that I can start my career as soon as possible.My long term goals are going to take a lot of dedication and sacrificing to achieve them, but I know I can do it. Its not just about getting through this semester, its about excel ling in every semester to come and doing the best I can in all of my classes. In terms of a career, I am extremely excited for when that day comes. I want to be needed and I want to help people. I learned that the hopes for my careers can become realities if I follow through with this life plan.

Steps To Become A Successful Christian

Now hundreds of years ago there lived a deep man by the name of g each(prenominal)ant Albert, who had a very(prenominal) beautiful daughter whos name is Princess Mila. Now this man was as rich as force egress be. He had a very big house, a ranch, hect ares of land and room full of the finest jewelries and gold. Since he is becoming old and theres no one to succeed him, he firm to throw a society for his daughters 1 8th birthday. So he sent appear his handmaid to annoy once to every tender educated bachelor out there that they were invited to attend his daughters birthday party.During the party, and hen everyone was there, Sheikh Albert invited all the bachelors to adopt out rachis(a) to go into in a simple game. So when they were outside they saw this huge swimming pool swarming with crocodiles in it. And then Sheikh Albert announced to everyone, anyone of you who can swim successfully across the swimming pool from one end to the other will get what they involve from m e. They can put one over the hand of my daughter in marriage, take a shit my house, draw my ranch, have all my money and The rich man wasnt even finished public lecture when they heard a loud splash coming from the swimming pool. So when they looked they saw this young man swimming for his life, swimming as straighta course as he could to get to the other side of the pool. After a short struggle and in Olympic record fashion he was able to get off to the other side of the pool and lam the wrath of the crocodiles. Upon sympathiseing this the rich man was very happy and straightaway interviewed the man. He said, congratulations young man for you are very brave, you have won this contest.And now for your prize I will let you take on your bounty. Do you indirect request the hand of my daughter in marriage? The young man still soaking wet ND looking manifold said No sir, I do not want to follow your daughter. The rich man was surprised so he asked again do you want my mansion and my ranch? The male child said no sir dont want your mansion and your ranch. Do you want all my jewelries and my gold? The boy answered no sir I dont want your ranch. So the rich man sprightliness annoyed blurted Well for crying out loud what do you want The boy still confused answered l just want organise do who pushed me into the swimming pool. The end. The reason why told you this story is because Im very sure we all can relate ourselves to the poor boy. During the start of our the Nazareneian ministry we all have been pushed in some way or another by refer people to re newfangled our relationship with messiah Christ and to actively participate in Gods ministry. My push came at a very opportune time, because as recall it was one of the darkest periods of my life. I call it dark because I couldnt see any light, any hope that my life would be better.I have already stopped believing there is a higher being out there who guides us and takes care of Lamentations 32 ESP. He has control and brought me into darkness without any light, Fortunately there are people standardised Sheila who would stop at no amour just to bring the light of saviour Christ to other people who are still living in the dark. So make sure you lie with the name of the person who pushed you and if they are here right now please thank them for doing whatever they had to do to bring you here to the path of Gods light. Because when they pushed you, you already won the promise of Gods salvation.Matthew 25134 ESP. so the King will say to those on his right, Come, you who are blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world. Now lets move on to our topic for tonight. We are goanna talk tonight about the 7 stairs to becoming a successful Christian. They say success is the runment of an mark or purpose, in other words it is the achievement of ones tendency. In regulate for us to be successful we Ernst first have a goal we should be a iming at. So what is our goal as Christians? Christianity means little Christ.We are trying to be as much exchangeable Jesus as we can. He has set an example and were doing our best to follow it. 2 Corinthians 5. 17 E-SF / 15 inspection and repairful votes Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation. The old has passed away behold, the new has come. We have to make plans to succeed. One thing Ive learned is success is not accidental. Youre not going to accidentally accomplish your goals. You have to have a plan. If youre goanna get to the right destination, you goat know where youre going and how youre going to get there.If youve ever been at the beach, just drift in the water, relaxing, youll notice after a while the current has taken you far away. Thats the way it is in life. If we dont have clear cut goals, with a plan in place to accomplish those goals, were not Anna end up at the right place. Psalm 3723-24 ESP. 1 The steps of a man are established by the captai n, when he delights in his way though he fall, he shall not be cast head tenacious, for the Lord upholds his hand. The first step is to Read the Bible If were ever goanna be received Christians we have to not only read the bible besides to force field it.I heard somebody say that continuous learning is a stripped-down requirement for success in any field. And in order for us to be truly successful as Christians we have to consistently and jibe ally learn about Gods subject matter for us. The bible says Joshua E-SF This Book of the natural law shall not depart from your mouth, but you meditate it day and night, that may be careful to do according is written it. For then will make way prosperous, have good success. The bible has been written as a guide for us so that we may know how God wants us to live each day.We should read and study it because it is Gods word to us. It will help you know God better. When we read the Bible, we are actually listening to Gods message to us. I remember early on when was just a olive-sized kid, when computers were not yet as ubiquitous as it is right now, my dad bought a second hand word receptors from a friend of his at a real bargain. You know what a word processor looks like right? Well, its a cross between an electric typewriter and a computer. It has a keyboard, which is connected to a monitor. It looks like a desktop computer but the only thing it does is process word documents.Its more like a typewriter, the only difference is that you can see text on the disguise of the monitor before you can actually decide to print it on paper. My dad was an architect by profession, who eventually became a sales double-decker for one of the pioneers in the colored roofing industry in the Philippines. however when the company closed down he decided to setup a company of his own distributing roofing materials to his clients. He was previously using a typewriter to prepare monetary value quotations for the materials that he wou ld send to his prospective customers.But when his friend called him up to sell him their word processor at a bargain price because their family was leaving for the states, he immediately grabbed it thinking that it would make his work a lot easier. So when the equipment finally arrived at our house, my dad got excited and decided to try to use it. To his dismay, he found out that it was not as easy to use as he thought it would be. Whats even worse is because its a second hand item, it did not come with an instruction manual of arms(a) because the owner had misplaced it during moving out.Dont get me wrong, my dad is really brisk guy but when it comes to gadgets and technology, hes really slow at it. And without that instruction manual provided by the manufacturer of equipment, he would have not even the slightest get to learn how to use it. So he decided to go back to using typewriters. And what happened the word processor? Lotus sat ender his desk for a long time until he decid ed to throw it away. My friends, this is what happens to us when we dont read the Bible. We perplex useless as Christians.

Internet and Its Impact on Developing Countries

The profit and its move on growing countries examples from china and India T. Kanti Srikantaiah friar preacher University, River Forest, Illinois, regular army and The profits and its impact on china and India 199 Received February 1998 rewrite March 1998 ding Xiaoying Peking University, Beijing, china Introduction In the current entropy climate many countries be relying on electronic main course to data through the meshing, which is revolutionising learning vigilance and reading engineering science. Developed countries confound improved their communication systems and be able to sh ar info in a personar-friendly surround.They arrest used the cyberspace in mingled sectors agriculture health familiar sector centering effort purlieu telecoms trade etc. The net profit is now penetrating growth countries. This piece discusses the occasion of the internet in such countries, with specific reference to mainland mainland China and India. The profi t The idea of the lucre originated some 25 grades ag unitary at the US Defense part Advanced look for Projects spot (ARPA), to keep track of data through ready reckoner hardw be and softw are. The Internet is now a complex web of ne cardinalrks attached with high-speed tie in cutting across countries. in that location are no set boundaries for the Internet in cyberspace. Re cent statistics show 50,000 net represents in more than 100 countries with more than 50 million users (MIDS press release). It is estimated that the rate of growth in Internet use is around 20 per cent a month. Currently the Internet is non proprietary and is forth approaching to anyone with computer access connected to the external humans. Since the USA launched the discipline superhighway in 1994, the Internet has come to play an ever-increasing role in the vast reading market in many countries (mesa I). Asian Libraries, Vol. 7 No. 9, 1998, pp. 199-209. MCB University Press, 1017-6748Asian Librar ies 7,9 Country G-7 countries Canada France Germany Italy Japan Great Britain USA Africa in the south Africa Cyprus Tunisia Jamaica Senegal Egypt Mozambique Burkina Faso Cameroon Ghana Kenya Morocco fresh Caledonia Niger Swaziland Host Initial community Country washout Indonesia Philippines India China Kuwait Malaysia United Arab Republic Kazakhstan Macau Fiji Uzbekistan Vietnam Lebanon Lithuania Latin America brazil nut Mexico Chile Ecuador Peru Argentina Bermuda Venezuela Puerto Rico Costa Rica Guam Virgin Islands Nicaragua Panama Dominican Republic Host 22,963 10,861 4,309 4,794 25,594 3,555 6 994 1,136 1 0 153 3 1,128 2,761Initial connection 12/91 07/93 04/94 11/90 04/94 12/92 11/92 11/93 11/93 04/94 06/93 12/94 04/95 06/94 04/94 200 690,316 292,096 875,631 211,966 955,688 878,215 825,048 07/88 07/88 09/89 08/89 08/89 04/89 07/88 419 1,973 15 349 275 1,894 44 2 75 275 457 888 59 34 240 12/91 12/92 05/91 05/94 10/94 11/93 03/95 10/94 12/92 10/94 11/93 10/94 10/94 10/94 05/94 A sia and in-between East Taiwan 40,706 12/91 set back I. South Korea 132,370 04/90 Distribution of hosts Israel 61,140 08/89 connected to the Internet capital of Singapore 60,674 05/91 (1997) G-7 countries, Thailand 12,794 07/92 Africa, Asia, Middle East and Latin America Source of host list http//www. w. com/zone/www/dist-byname. html, 1997 68,685 126 19,168 1,078 6,510 18,985 1,648 4,679 114 4,259 91 7 743 390 25 06/90 02/89 04/90 07/92 11/93 10/90 05/90 02/94 10/89 01/93 10/93 03/93 02/94 06/94 04/95 Malaysias Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohammed, once say It can be no accident that in that location is today no wealthy veritable country that is information poor, and no information sizable country that is poor and under demonstrable (Nagy, 1991, p. 57). This statement emphasises the magnificence of the Internet for maturement countries.From an inter discipline perspective access to and use of the Internet is unbalanced thither are obvious gaps between developed and developi ng countries in damage of the anatomys of nets, hosts and users. As a study from the Panos Institute indicated The Internet and its impact on postpone I provides data on hosts and connection fritter cares for selected countries in China and India Africa, Latin America, Asia and Pacific, a gigantic with G-7 countries for comparison.Of the hosts 56 per cent were in the USA, 26 per cent in Europe, 16 per cent in Canada and Latin America, 12 per cent in Asia and the Middle East, and the remaining 1 per cent were in African countries. The G-7 countries took about 80 per cent of correspond nets connected with the Internet, and the bet of nets in 55 developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America amounted to alone 5 per cent. accord to an separate study, based on data from creation cant scotchal and social indicators, the correlation of Internet nodes with GNP per capita is 0. 88 per cent.Adjusted for tribe size, the country with the highest density of nodes for populat ion was Switzerland. The USA ranked six-spotth, and India was one of the lowest. So the revolution in electronic publishing and accessing is not rattling global (Jacobson, 1994). The timing of connection to the Internet is substantial. For instance, while most developed countries obtained their connections to the Internet between 1988 and 1990, developing countries began around 1994-95. Even now many developing countries do not prepare Internet facilities. An approximate date of Internet connectivity for selected countries is excessively given in Table I.The World lodge has published data on various economic and social indicators for 133 countries. Table II shows data on population, literacy and GNP for selected developing countries and the G-7 countries. Tables I and II show a definite correlation among GNP per capita, population, illiteracy and number of ne 2rks connected with the Internet. The data show that the high the GNP per capita and the lower the illiteracy rate, th e greater the number of links to the Internet, whereas indicators such as higher population, higher illiteracy and lower GNP per capita accompany fewer connections to the Internet.For most developing countries Internet connections brought the golden opportunity of leapfrog organic evolution through participating and competing in global trade, sharing information globally in command, query and manufacturing/productivity sectors, and alleviating leanness, contributing to improved social and economic indicators. tuition environment in China and India China and India are the two most inhabited countries in the world. With more than 2 billion people in these two countries, the market for the Internet is vast.In addition, twain China and India are information-rich countries with a dour tradition of learning, publishing and media activities. Both countries have recently experienced phenomenal growth in economic ground. According to a World Bank report, the annual average growth o f GNP during the period 1985-94 in China and in India was around 7 per cent and 3 per cent respectively (World Bank Atlas, 1996). Compared with early(a) developing countries of the same scale, China and India have shown significant growth in the development here is a danger of a new information elitism which excludes the majority of the worlds population (John, 1995). 201 Asian Libraries 7,9 G-7 countries Canada France Germany Italy Japan United Kingdom USA Africa Cameroon Egypt Kenya South Africa Asia China Indonesia India Malaysia Thailand Latin America Argentina Brazil Mexico Peru GNP per capita in US$, 1994 true growth rate, 1985-94 (%) universe, 1994 (000) Growth rate, 1985-94 (%) Illiteracy rate, 1990 (%) 202 19,570 23,470 25,580 19,270 34,630 18. 410 25,860 680 710 260 3,010 530 880 310 3,520 2,210 8,060 3,370 4,010 1,890 0. 4 1. 7 1. 9 1. 3. 2 1. 4 1. 3 6. 6 1. 6 0. 0 1. 4 6. 9 6. 0 2. 9 2. 7 8. 2 1. 9 0. 4 0. 6 2. 5 29,121 57,726 81,141 57,154 124,782 58,088 260,529 12,8 71 57,556 26,017 41,591 1,190,918 189,907 913,600 19,498 58,718 34,180 159,143 91,858 23,331 1. 3 0. 5 0. 5 0. 1 0. 2 0. 3 1. 0 2. 8 2. 0 2. 9 2. 4 1. 4 2. 0 2. 0 2. 5 1. 6 1. 4 1. 8 2. 2 2. 0 * * * 3 * * * 46 52 31 27 23 52 22 7 5 19 13 15 Table II. Basic indicators for selected developing countries and G-7 countries Notes = not available *according to UNESCO, illiteracy is little(prenominal) than 5 per cent Source The World Bank Atlas (1996) majuscule DC World Bank ycle and in the utilisation of information technologies and information management. The steep decrease in the price of personal computers, proliferating software in Asia and the multimedia influx have contributed to growing markets and Internet use in China and India. Sales of PCs in these regions have expanded more than 20 per cent each year (Sherry, 1995, p. 71). A rating scale by the Gartner company predicts a long-term potential for information applied science in the Asian and Pacific region (Gartner Group, 1 996).The rating is based on population, education, GDP, economic growth, establishment support to IT, popularity of IT, IT industry (and its competitiveness), the industry type and international perspective. Table III shows details for China and India, as well as selected countries for comparison. The list rating score for China was 75 and for India 58. In China the population of 1. 2 billion lives on 9. 6 million square kilometres. With its long civilisation and tradition of learning, and with its economy CountryEconomic Government Popularity Industry Total Population Education GDP growth support to IT of IT Competitive type world(prenominal) score 9 9 4 3 4 8 7 4 9 8 7 5 9 9 7 6 5 6 3 2 2 5 4 1 5 2 18 10 12 17 16 12 12 12 14 14 8 5 8 5 6 6 8 4 9 8 7 6 0 2 10 9 7 3 6 8 3 4 7 10 0 1 9 9 7 3 5 7 1 3 7 10 6 7 5 4 5 7 7 4 7 7 6 5 8 7 4 2 4 2 7 5 6 4 4 3 53 50 75 58 58 58 62 52 50 55 62 60 The Internet and its impact on China and India 203 USA 8 Japan 8 China 10 India 10 Indonesia 8 South Korea 6 Malaysia 3 The Philippines 6 Singapore 1 Taiwan 4 Thailand 6 Vietnam 6 Source Gartner Group (1996), China Infoworld, Vol. 1, 29 July Table III. Long-term potential of information engineering in Asian and Pacific countries growing rapidly since 1980, China has locomote one of the most powerful information resources and an integral part of the world information community. In 1995 there were 101,381 books, 7,583 kinds of magazines (4,014 are scientific and good journals) and 2,089 intelligence agencypapers (205 national and 844 provincial newspapers) published by nearly 600 publishers nationwide ( handbook of Press, 1996). There are 1,080 universities located in 29 provinces, and more than one million students have each year.There are 350,000 libraries of different types public, university and school, research, military and labour union libraries. There are plans to have at least one library in each village and urban area in China by the year 2000. Government has alw ays been the biggest information producer and consumer. A total of 34 information centres belonging to different central government departments, China statistical Bureau, China Economic education Centre and National scientific and Technical consignment (NSTC) distribute and collect information from the central government at provincial, city and county aims.Chinese general information systems are divided into six categories (1) information centres affiliated with the National Scientific and Technical Commission (2) information centres belonging to central government ministries (3) information centres of a provincial record (4) information centres of a specialised nature affiliated to regional governments (5) information centres affiliated with state enterprises, universities and other research institutions Asian Libraries 7,9 204 (6) information centres of non-governmental, regional, skipper and similar bodies (Dong, 1995).Since 1994, the global upsurge of the information highw ay has influenced Chinese decision-makers. Chinas information superhighway, consisting of eight golden projects, covers networks among universities, industry and state enterprises. The public need for the Internet and its potential are vast. India, which gained independence in 1947, covers a vast area of over 3. 2 million square kilometres and has a population of more than 900 million. In the area of information India is relatively rich, macrocosm the seventh largest publisher in he world. It also supports a well-heeled book industry some 11,000 publishers publish more than 18,000 monographs each year and there are more than 30,000 periodicals, of which 5,000 are in English. There are thousands of book-sellers, more than 196 universities and 8,100 colleges and research institutions. The student population in higher education alone exceeds 5 million. In Delhi alone, there are 360 booksellers, six universities, 80 colleges, more or less 40 research institutions and over 100 governm ent agencies.Government routines and quasi-government offices at central, state, district, subdistrict and village levels produce and consume vast amounts of information. At the national level the main sources of information include various line ministries the Central Statistical Organisation (CSO) the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) the Registrar-General of India (RGI) the National Information Centre (NIC) the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) INSDOC DELNET Tata Energy investigate Institution the Centre for comprehension and Environment and the Federation of India Chamber of mercantile system and Industries (FICCI).There are hundreds of governmental bodies at state and local levels. The information outfit from these offices in the various sectors is sizable. In addition, information is created, acquired and disseminated in all manufacturing and advantage sectors. These sectors indicate the scope for the Internet in India. Over the years the c onsume for information has join ond in India and China. In India the market for information in English is enormous, as English speakers form a significant equaliser of the literate population.They are mainly well accomplished in economic and social legal injury and need information in paper and electronic forms. This is also reflected in the fact that the majority of newspapers and periodicals are published in English. India, one of the largest publishers in the world, exports many books and periodicals to countries in Asia and Africa and also to Western countries. It imports much printed The Internet and corporeal from abroad. its impact on China has made substantial progress in information management.China and India According to a 1996 report, there were 1,038 databases covering some(prenominal) Chinese and English sources, representing an increase of almost 30 per cent since the previous canvas in 1992 (Guide to Chinese Databases, 1996) 205 there were 41 per cent of datab ases concentrated in science, industry and technology economy and business databases accounted for 28. 6 per cent, a considerable increase over the 1992 figure social science took 15 per cent general, 5. 6 per cent law and medicine gained 3. 5 per cent news and mass media took about 2. 9 per cent databases with abstracts represented 66. per cent, and full-text and number databases took less than 30 per cent. With the inclusion of Hong Kong, China has become a superpower in information acquisition and dissemination, not only in Asia but also on a global reason. It is anticipated that demand for information in China will continue to grow in significant terms in the next decade. In both India and China access to the Internet will be extremely valuable. Internet connections In China the offset printing TCP/IP link to the Internet was established in 1994, in the Institute of Higher Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Science.The pastime are also connected with the Internet Chi nese Public Internet (Chinanet), established and run by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, the backbone of Internet connection in Beijing. It is available through local post offices for a subscription. China Education and research communicate (CERNET), owned by the State Education Commission. In 1996 CERNET connected 100 universities nation-wide. Eventually, it will connect to all universities and will become the buttocks for the booming educational and research development. National Computing and Networking Facilities of China (NCFC), started in 1989 and was the first high-speed network funded by the State Planning Commission and the World Bank. In 1994 its international route was opened. Gi Tong Company Network (GBNET), established in 1994, and supported by the Ministry of Electricity, has more than 1,000 users. Over terzetto years China has shown an increase in numbers of computers and Internet users. According to statistics provided by the Information Centre of Asian Libraries 7,9 206 China Internet, the number of Internet users increased dramatically between 1994 and November 1997.The number of hosts connecting with the Internet increased approximately 35 times, from 569 to 19,739. The number of users increased steadily from 1,600 in 1994 to 620,000 in 1997, coming mainly from education, science, business and government (Information Centre of China Internet, 1997). ChinaNet plans to cover 30 provinces, and nation-wide users will exceed one million (Ge, 1996, p. 161). Internet users are generally scientists, social scientists, academics, university students, researchers and technical experts with higher-educational backgrounds and proficient in English.Access is gained, primarily, through universities, scientific and technical institutions and corporations. In India Internet access was initiated in November 1986 through the Education and Research Network (ERNET), with assistance from the Government of India and the United Nations Developm ent Programme (UNDP). cardinal institutions were involved the five Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT), the Indian Institute of Science (IISC) in Bangalore, the National Centre for Software Technology (CST) in Bombay and the segment of Electronics (DOE) in Delhi.The objectives included (1) setting up a nationwide computer network for the academic and research community to promote research and development in India and abroad (2) strengthening national capabilities in information al-Qaida (3) building specialised human resources through education and training to increase awareness of information resources available through the Internet and (4) opening an India-USA technology gateway to provide a wide information base with other servers (ERNET, 1995).Three other internal service providers became involved at a later on date (1) SOFTNET by STP (2) National Information Centre (NICNET) and (3) admittance Internet Access Services (GIAS) (Ramakrishnan, n. d. ). By September 1996, Indi a had more than 100,000 Internet users, 70,000 through ERNET, 15,000 through SOFTNET 2,000 through NICNET and 8,000 through GIAS. User numbers are expected to grow to one million in the next tierce years by then computer penetration will be around 10 million PCs.The education and research community has utmost penetration with 65 per cent, followed by business users of 25 per cent and other users of 10 per cent in the government and personal households. A dramatic growth is expected once private sectors enter the Internet market. The city of Bangalore is expected to dominate the internal market because of its electronic city stove (Ramakrishnan, n. d. ).Current issues and conclusions The Internet and There are three major areas of concern about the Internet that are significant in its impact on developing countries China and India (1) national information polity (2) regulatory cloth and information base of operations and 207 (3) education and training. National information po licy Developing countries have a long tradition of oral culture therefore, awareness of information sources in written form tends to be minimal.While national information policy in developing countries concentrates on trade, international relations, national security and technology, rattling little attention has been paid to accessing information electronically through the Internet and to deriving benefits. Developing countries, in order to achieve faster economic growth, should include in their official documents high-priority plans for implementing electronic information delivery systems. constitution statements should be integrated into national planning documents such as five-year plans and should be implemented on schedule.Sufficient funding should be allocated at the planning face and should be made available quickly for implementation. Regulatory framework and information infrastructure The regulatory framework in developed countries enforces protection of investment, qui ck property and separate privacy in the information market. The legal framework addresses private sector involvement, skilled human resources, standards and implementation. In most developing countries regulatory frameworks concerning information do not exist.Although the rapid growth in information technology is changing methods of doing business at home, at work and in organisations in both developed and developing countries, regulatory frameworks have had very little effect on developing countries. While information technology, including telecommunications, has penetrated every market in the developed world, developing countries hush up visualise information technology as a means to support management information systems, finance and accounting facilities, and data processing.Computer penetration per capita in both China and India in the area of small office/home office (SOHO) is still not significant in relation to population numbers. Telecommunications still remain a major i ssue in both China and India. If information infrastructure were to cover the widespread Chinese and Indian populations, and technology were to be made available to access global information through the Internet, then the economic scene would be revitalised. Awareness of the Internet and its importance for policy makers xists only at the executive level, but unfortunately, not at the governmental level. This demand to be addressed urgently in both countries. Asian Libraries 7,9 208 Education and training Workforces in developing countries, as in developed countries, are changing from labour intensive to knowledge-based work. In developed countries, surveys have shown Internet use is associated with higher education. The same principle applies in developing countries. Thus, attention needs to be paid to improving literacy rates.It is the state of governments, central, state and local, of learning institutions and civic associations to work together to raise literacy levels in deve loping countries. The training of information professionals should be given priority. Trained information professionals will be able to utilise the Internet more expeditiously and will be more effective in acquiring, organising and disseminating information. Often, developing countries are concerned about safeguarding their heritage of language and culture and supporting political systems.They are weary of foreign economic formats. Appropriate training for information professionals is an immediate requirement. Trained professionals can then educate the masses and take advantage of the Internet, sharing the dissemination of knowledge through cyberspace and adding honour to the global information sector. The information revolution is real, and an information economy has already emerged, accelerating economic and social turn. Information is crucial and is the central resource and basis for competition.The Internet will assist in development in the following ways assessing the inform ation capacity of the country and determining user needs, organising and synthesising information and providing access to internal and external information disseminating information to meet the needs of the public and private sectors and the daily information needs of the general public. The two items are almost inseparable and have a symbiotic relationship. In developing countries it is urgent to train information professionals to support information infrastructure and information management.In the contemporary world, information is vital to all sectors. Thus, the role of governments in utilising the Internet is critical. First, it influences appropriate use of the Internet for social and economic change in the transition from labour-intensive production to knowledge-based information industries. Second, it defines public and private sector relationships and opens the market to a strong private information sector. Third, it redefines telecommunication policies to break down monopo lies and to encourage competition among international and indigenous vendors.In conclusion, there is no single solution that can be applied, uniformly, to all situations in developing countries. Each case needs to be evaluated and customised to meet individual country needs. Priorities must be determined, depending on available resources. Indigenous resources should be harnessed and other resources tapped, including funding from international organisations. The Internet has considerable potential in developing countries it is relevant to lobbying for more government support and cypher allocation it ffers delivery modes for the collection and dissemination of information it may The Internet and be used to mobilise support among specialised ministries, universities and its impact on industries to produce and manage information, and to emphasise institutional China and India arrangements to influence policy makers and information purveyors to promote the Internet for the countrys deve lopment. References Dong, X. (1995), The development and management of secondary information systems and services in China, International Information and subroutine library Review, Vol. 27, pp. 83-94. ERNET to Academic and Research Community (1995), brochure. Gartner Group (1996), Information industry in Asia and Pacific is catching up and will become a main player in the 21st century, China Infoworld, Vol. 41. Ge, W. (1996), Internet in China the state of art and perspectives, China Computerworld, Vol. 9, September. Guide to Chinese Databases (1996), State Planning Commission and the State Scientific and Technological Commission, Beijing. Handbook of Press and Publ ication Statistics in China (1996), Press and Publications Administration, Beijing.Information Centre of China Internet (1997), The current situation of Internet in China, China Computerworld, Vol. 10, November. Jacobson, T. L. (1994), The electronic publishing revolution is not global , Journal of the American conjunc tion for Information Science, Vol. 45 No. 10, pp. 745-52. John, M. (1995), Third world faces information poverty , CD News Bank Comprehensive, Reuters America, 11 October. MIDS press release New data on the size of the Internet and the matrix, . Nagy, H. 1991), Information technology in World Bank lending increasing the development and development impact, World Bank Discussion Papers, Vol. 120,World Bank, Washington, DC. Ramakrishnan, S. (n. d. ), head, Information Infrastructure Division, Department of Electronics, Government of India, New Delhi, personal communication. Sherry, A. (1995), The East is wired, Far eastern Economic Review, Vol. 15. The World Bank Atlas (1996), World Bank, Washington, DC. About the authors Dr Dong Xiaoying is Associate Professor in the Department of Information Management at Peking University.She is also a member of the Editorial Advisory menu of Asian Libraries. Address Department of Information Management, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. email email& one hundred sixtyprotected bta. net. cn. Dr T. Kanti Srikantaiah is Associate Professor in the Graduate School of subroutine library and Information Science at Dominican University, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, Dominican University, 7900 West Division Street, River Forest, IL 60305. E-mail email&160protected dom. edu 209

Deception Point Page 56

Hes breaking the law, Gabrielle said. Isnt he?Or so Marjorie Tench would dupe you believe. Candidates accept behind-the-scenes donations all the clock from big corporations. It may non be pretty, exactly its non necessarily illegal. In fact, most legal issues deal not with where the money comes from hardly how the candidate chooses to spend it.Gabrielle hesitated, feeling uncertain now.Gabs, the White erect played you this afternoon. They move to turn you against your candidate, and so far youve called their bluff. If I were looking for soulfulness to trust, I think Id stick with sacristan before jumping ship to soulfulness equal Marjorie Tench.Yolandas phone rang. She answered, nodding, uh-huh-ing, taking notes. Inte quietusing, she at long last said. Ill be right there. Thanks.Yolanda hung up and dark with an arched brow. Gabs, sounds kindred youre off the hook. moreoer as I predicted.Whats qualifying on?I dont have a particularized yet, further I can ramify yo u this much-the presidents squelch conference has nothing to do with sex dirts or campaign finance.Gabrielle tangle a flash of hope and cherished badly to believe her. How do you hunch forward that?Someone on the inside secure leaked that the press conference is NASA-related.Gabrielle sat up choppyly. NASA?Yolanda winked. This could be your lucky night. My bet is electric chair Herney is feeling so much compel from Senator Sexton that hes decided the White hall has no cho folderol but to except the plug on the International dummy Station. That explains all the global media c all overage.A press conference killing the space military post? Gabrielle could not imagine.Yolanda s in like humankindnerd up. That Tench attack this afternoon? It was probably just a ultimate effort to get a bridgehead over Sexton before the professorship had to go public with the bad news. zip like a sex scandal to include the attention a itinerary from some other presidential flop. Anyhow , Gabs, Ive got work to do. My advice to you-get yourself a transfuse of coffee, sit right here, turn on my television, and ride this place like the rest of us. Weve got twenty minutes until show time, and Im relation you, there is no way the president is going Dumpster-diving tonight. Hes got the whole world watching. whatever he has to say carries some proficient weight. She gave a reassuring wink. Now break up me the envelope.What?Yolanda held out a demanding hand. These pictures are acquire locked in my desk until this is over. I want to be sure you dont do something idiotic.Reluctantly, Gabrielle handed over the envelope.Yolanda locked the p heatableos carefully in a desk draughtsman and pocketed the keys. Youll thank me, Gabs. I swear it. She playfully ruffled Gabrielles hair on her way out. Sit tight. I think c pace news is on the way.Gabrielle sat simply in the glass cubicle and well- act to let Yolandas upbeat attitude elicit her mood. All Gabrielle could think of, though, was the self-satisfied smirk on the face of Marjorie Tench this afternoon. Gabrielle could not imagine what the President was about to dissever the world, but it was definitely not going to be good news for Senator Sexton.65Rachel Sexton felt up like she was universe burned alive.Its come go across fireShe tried to open her eyes, but all she could lead out were foggy shapes and blinding lights. It was precipitateing all around her. Scalding hot rain. quid down on her bare kowtow. She was deceit on her side and could feel hot tiles beneath her system. She curled more tightly into the fetal position, trying to protect herself from the scalding liquid state falling from above. She smelled chemicals. Chlorine, maybe. She tried to crawl away, but she could not. Powerful hands pressed down on her shoulders, imple manpowerting her down.Let me go Im burningInstinctively, she again fought to escape, and again she was rebuffed, the vehement hands clamping down. Sta y where you are, a mans theatrical role said. The accent was American. Professional. It will be over soon.What will be over? Rachel wondered. The suffering? My life? She tried to contract her vision. The lights in this place were harsh. She sensed the room was small. Cramped. mortified ceilings.Im burning Rachels scream was a whisper.Youre fine, the vowelise said. This water is lukewarm. Trust me.Rachel realized she was more often than not undressed, wearing only her soaked underwear. No embarrassment registered her mind was filled with too many other questions.The memories were coming bum now in a torrent. The ice shelf. The GPR. The attack. Who? Where am I? She tried to roam the pieces together, but her mind felt torpid, like a set of clogged gears. From out of the muddled confusion came a unity persuasion Michael and Corky where are they?Rachel tried to focus her bleary vision but saw only the men stand over her. They were all dressed in the same blue jumpsuits. She wan ted to speak, but her mouth refused to formulate a ace word. The burning sensation in her skin was now giving way to sudden deep waves of aching that rolled with the muscles like seismic tremors.Let it happen, the man over her said. The blood needs to point back into your musculature. He spoke like a doctor. Try to move your limbs as much as you can.The trouble racking Rachels body felt as if either muscle was being beaten with a hammer. She lay there on the tile, her actors assistant contracting, and she could barely breathe.Move your legs and blazonry, the man insisted. No matter what it feels like.Rachel tried. Each movement felt like a knife being thrust into her joints. The jets of water grew hotter again. The scalding was back. The crushing pain went on. At the precise instant she thought she could not withstand another moment, Rachel felt individual giving her an injection. The pain seemed to lessen quickly, less and less violent, releasing. The tremors slowed. She felt herself take a breath again.A new sensation was paste by her body now, the eerie collation of pins and needles. Everywhere-stabbing-sharper and sharper. Millions of fiddling needle-point jabs, intensifying whenever she moved. She tried to hold motionless, but the water jets continued to furbish her. The man above her was holding her arms, go them.God that hurts Rachel was too clear to fight. tear of exhaustion and pain poured down her face. She shut her eyes hard, blocking out the world.Finally, the pins and needles began to dissipate. The rain from above stopped. When Rachel opened her eyes, her vision was clearer.It was thence that she saw them.Corky and Tolland lay nearby, quivering, half-naked and soaked. From the looks of offend on their faces, Rachel sensed that they had just endured akin experiences. Michael Tollands brown eyes were bloodshot and glassy. When he saw Rachel, he managed a weak smile, his blue lips trembling.Rachel tried to sit up, to take in the ir bizarre surroundings. The three of them were fictionalisation in a trembling doohickey of half-naked limbs on the floor of a tiny shower room.66Strong arms lifted her.Rachel felt the powerful strangers drying her body and wrapping her in blankets. She was being position on a medical sack out of some sort and vigorously massaged on her arms, legs, and feet. Another injection in her arm.Adrenaline, someone said.Rachel felt the drug coursing through her veins like a life force, animate her muscles. Although she still felt an icy insincerity tight like a beat out in her gut, Rachel sensed the blood tardily returning to her limbs.Back from the dead.She tried to focus her vision. Tolland and Corky were lying nearby, shivering in blankets as the men massaged their bodies and gave them injections as well. Rachel had no doubt that this mysterious assemblage of men had just saved their lives. Many of them were soak wet, apparently having jumped into the showers fully clothed to help . Who they were or how they had gotten to Rachel and the others in time was beyond her. It do no difference at the moment. Were alive.

“3 idiots” movie review Essay

The canvas focus discussion on a picture c all(prenominal)ed 3 idiots. The rise provides a brief background of the chosen film. Next, it provides a description of the story and introduces the of import characters in the movie such as the features on their experience and personalities. Moreoer, it will illustrate discussion on main themes and ideas in the film. it foc mathematical functions discussion on the use of cinematic techniques in the film. In addition, it will relieve how the cinematic techniques used in the movie contribute in bringing some the themes and ideas such as the flashbacks, narratives, camera and music. Lastly, the essay includes our group opinion about the film. 3 Idiots is a Bollywood comedy film tell by Rajkumar Hirani and produced by Vidhu Vinod Chopra. The movie was released on 25th December 2009. The main cast out of the movie were Ranchhoddas ( Aamir Khan) who was perusal for his peevishness in engine room and made significant parting to his fr iends and other people in targeting field.In the movie, this important person- Ranchhoddas, tries to present the wideness of teaching instead of simple scarce memoring the books. For instance, memorizing a definition without grounds serious to pass the tryouts is of no value in particular in the long-run. Moreover, he had a blotto desire for studying about machines. He believes that one should ensue excellence, non success, as success will take caution of itself if excellence is followed. Furthermore, Rancho had two best friends named Raju and Faarhan. The lady friend of Rancho- pia plays the role of virus daughter. virus is the president of the college. virus was the named used by the college students to call him behind his back well(p) to put one over fun of . Virus (President) admires students who ar considerably at memorizing things instead of understanding and implementing what you learnt. Virus favorite student was called silencer.He believes in mindless me morizing over understanding in couch to come home his goals of corporate status. Therefore, he puts emphasis on the results quite a than the process. The movie focuses mainly on 3 characters such as Rancho, Farhan and Sharman. They canvas engineering in the same college for opposite reasons. Rancho had a passion in tuition about machines and was interested in this open. However, Farhan was non interested in his major subject Engineering and was somehow pressurized from his family to pursue his biography in the engineering field. Farhan real passion was for Wildlife Photography. On the other hand, Raju was from a poor family and he had to study severely in order to support his family and light his sister married to a commodity family. The movie shows people how awful the education can be. Students cant rightfully do the things they prefer and discover their value.The lonely thing they were thinking about was to be prosperous not valuable. When they were born, their parents helped them cultivate an intent for the childrens complete life. In this movie, all the parents wanted their children to become the supreme engineer in the world because engineers can make lots of money exclusively unassailable engineers. Since Rancho had entered the school, he used his own methods to galvanic pile with such situations. One incident in the movie shows Raju was not happy with Ranchos methods of learning things. To help Raju, Rancho provided him with an example that we should not rely on memorization rather we should understand and implement things. He disrupts Chaturs speech ( Silencer) who has been writing to deliver on rearing Speech Night, where the Minister of Education and the President of the college attended with many students. Chatur, with his inadequateness of knowledge in Hindi, senselessly memorized the compromised penning and becomes the laughingstock of the night. Meanwhile, Rajus paralysed father goes into a cardiac arrest, and was saved on succession with the help of Rancho and Pia (Kareena Kapoor)- Virus daughter, who was doing organisation in the city hospital.This made Raju sincerely yours change his mind about Rancho and became his blind drunk friend along with Farhan. Rancho fell in love with Pia, and she accepted his love for her. Infuriated, Virus repeatedly challenged to break Ranchos familiarity with Farhan and Raju. Nevertheless, they evermore supported Ranchoa, who constantly came maiden in every exam, while they were ever so last, barely passing, repayable to Farhans photography passion, and since Raju was a scared man. He was always panic and stressful during the exam times and spent most time in praying to God instead of thoroughly studying the course materials because panic does not help. Things became worse four year later when 3 friends got drunk and accidentally got into Pia theater daughter of Virus in order for Rancho to confess his love for Pia. During the meeting, Virus sees Raju divergence and fails to see the other 2 friends. Virus threatens Raju to put the blame on Rancho and be saved.However, Raju commits suicide as he did not want to betray his friend or let his family down. Raju gets well from his sickness by the support received from his friends and family. Moreover, he gets a good job offer by his honesty. Farhan, motivated by his friends, persuades his parents to let him follow his wildlife photographer dream. Furious by his constitution that was ruined by Farhan and Raju getting good jobs, he contumacious to make the last(a) examination extremely tough for them to pass. Pia was aware of his fathers intentions and decided to help Raju together with Rancho and Farhan by steal the examination reputations from Virus duty as Pia had a matching key.However, Raju did not accept this cheating and threw the exam paper away. Virus sees the exam paper in Rancho, Raju and Farhan room and expels Rancho on the spot. In the same night, Pias old sister - Mona who was pregnant got labour pain and due to heavy rain she could not achieve Pia or anyone else. Rancho and his friends through the use of Rancho methods of implementing things learnt how to deliver the baby. Virus finally leave office with Rancho and his friends, allowing them to stay for their final exams, and gave Rancho an astronaut pen, as a sign of distinction that he had been keeping for thirty years to riposte to an extraordinary student.

Describe Ann Weiss’s first encounter with the baker

drag Ann Weisss first encounter with the baker. How does the reality of that meeting contrast with her expectations?Ann Weiss first met the baker because she wanted to place an order for a cake for her sons birthday. Ann mat that she and the baker could exchange much than honest necessary information. After all, to Ann, she was talking to a baker who must have had illustrious birthday parties with his children as well, and this, she felt, was something that they shared. However, instead of the warm, well-disposed conversation about(predicate) children and birthday parties that she expected, the baker was resolutely methodological, inquiring nonhing more than just the information he needed.2. preferent rime for the weekFor my favorite poem this week, I chose Carolyn Kizers Bitch. Kizers poem is a powerful statement about womens place in relationship, and how she views herself.Kizer grew up us the daughter of socially great personalities, and described her father as an au thoritarian. Kizer spend two years as a State specialist in Pakistan and taught at a womens university there. Kizer is known for her libber and socially-conscious wit, writing on wide-ranging topics including women, politics, nature and science.Learning these, it becomes clearer where Kizer is coming from as she writes. Having a strong father and staying in a conflict-driven, patriarchal society like Pakistan did not stop Kizer from developing her own skills and prowess, subsequently on to prove that women are as well beings of power.Question for Class Discussion How does the image of the rush help the poem?Links to Carolyn Kizerhttp//www.bedfordstmartins.com/LITLINKS/ poem/kizer.htmhttp//www.pw.org/mag/pc_paris2.htmhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolyn_Kizer

Carrefour retailer Essay

Introduction of the grapheme intersection point was the second largest retailer of consumer goods and groceries macrocosm encompassing, afterward Wal-mart. The caller-up pioneered the concept of hypermart in their star sign Country, France, as early as 1960s.However, towards sweet 1990s convergence saw a decline in their cut hypermarkets owe to certain unfavorable political sympathies regulations and contention from hard discount stores. hybridization introduced a series of strategic initiatives in an park flair to rev adenosine monophosphate the ailing french hypermarkets. As a result, French hypermarkets started showing signs of recuperation towards late 2004. The case discusses about the egress and harvesting of hard discount stores in France. This case to a fault provides scope for tidings of decline of products French hypermarkets and its revamp strategies.Pedagogical Objectives The state of severely discount stores in France Impact of government regulations o n French retail attention Growth of Carrefours hypermarkets in France Revamp strategies of Carrefour hypermarkets in France.1. How should Mr. Durant prise the opportunities in various countries around the world?Mr. Durant, the in the bufffangled CEO since 2005, embarked on the unfermented dodging by offering 15 percent new products in its hypermarkets and 10 percent in its supermarkets. Moreover, he wants to give more staff, extend the operating hours in certain hypermarkets, raw prices, trying itsy-bitsy stores, and pushing down decision making. Mr. Durant aims to blockage only in countries where Carrefour is among the cover charge retailers.2. Should Carrefour pad Wal-Marts strategy of secondary prices bothday? What would be the returns or disadvantage of such a strategy?Yes Certainly they fix to adopt the strategy of low pricing every day, In France, where Carrefour is puff up established, the company made the big mistake in its pricing policy. It probably start ed with the 1999 merger with Promodes, the French discount chain. Carrefour confused the French clientele by losing its low-cost image. The new strategy which they want to implement discounts and cutting prices ,trying small stores certainly go out serve up Carrefour to keep their competition in all over the world.3. How could Carrefour fork itself from Wal-Mart?Wal-Mart is more than just the worlds largest retailer. It is an economic force, a cultural phenomenon and a lightning rod for controversy. It all started with a simple(a) philosophy from founder Sam Walton gap shoppers lower prices than they get anywhere else. That elementary strategy has inningd Wal-Marts gardening and driven the companys growth. in a flash that Wal-Mart is so huge, it has unprecedented power to shape labor markets globally and diverge the way entire industries operate. In this article, you forget check up on the key reasons that Wal-Mart has been able to keep its prices low cutting-edge t echnology, a frugal bodied culture and a push to describe suppliers sell merchandise at cheaper and cheaper prices. Well overly take a look at the scope of Wal-Marts impact on the economy and the controversies surrounding Wal- Mart, as well as the future of the company.With 12 trillion loyalty card-holders in France, but also 7.5 million in Spain, for example, Carrefour aggroup stores have an excellent base from which to forge close together(predicate) relationships with customers. As a multi-format retailer, Carrefour can offer solutions addressing a wide variety of shopping habits. In 2009, the Carrefour group is enhancing its knowledge of customers, with the aim of answer them better and improving its brand image. In stores, the Carrefour brand testament be conveyed in a way that is closer to the customer and more emotionally involving. By being more competitive, the brand will again be flummox a bastard for winning customers, enhancing customer loyalty and dist inguishing Carrefour from the pack. In towns and villages, as convergence accelerates, the Carrefour brand will provide its surpass stores to more customers. In this way, Carrefour will make customers want to come, and keep coming, to its stores, disregardless of the format or product offering. By focusing on retailing, Carrefour will become customers preferred retailer.4. Identify cultures in selected countries that need to be considered in range to be successful?Carrefour operates in 29 countries around the world. World universe of discourse is rising, geographical distribution of states is shifting, world universe of discourse isaging rapidly, ethnic mixes in developed countries ar changing rapidly, andaverage household incomes are increase.The demographic environment presents both opportunities and threats for Carrefour. Increases in population size and household incomes help toexpand the market in which Carrefour operates. However, changes in the geographic distribu tion of populations, due to technological advances incommunications, may cause difficulties for Carrefour in find utile locations for new storefrontSOCIO-CULTURAL1.New markets had seen prominent changes in consumer buying habits,coupled with high growth in per capita GNP,2.suburbanization, greater participation of women in the labor force, and a large outgrowth in theownership of cars and refrigerators.3.The continued growth of suburban communities abroad is another major sociocultural trend.4.Asian customers still tended to shop daily at wet markets or mom & popstores.5.Moreover, impulse buying was on the rise and replacing necessity purchasing.6.Shopping as a form of leisure was an increasing phenomenon.CONCLUSIONCarrefour has positioned itself as an internationalist leader in the retail industry.Their strategies have proven successful for a weigh of reasons. First, they have beenable to successfully transfer competencies to associates and managers crossways the globe.A lso, they have been able to adapt to topical anaesthetic cultures and consumer tastes as necessary. Insome cases, they have even managed to change consumer tastes and buying habits. Theyhave succeeded in entering new markets aggressively and gaining a large helping of eachmarket. Carrefour has even been able to structure when legalities made it necessary.The question remains, then, what should Carrefour do in the future. Carrefour should remain in the retail industry. It should continue those practices that have provensuccessful and profitable in the past. Also, Carrefour should continue to leverage itsknowledge of international markets to continue its rapid enlargement across the globe. Carrefour should, however, be vigilant of threats to its operations, and remain vigilant I exploring new ways to improve its products and services. Carrefour has come this far based on its king to pioneer new retail concepts and should commend that this pioneering spirit is what will carr y it into the future.